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MSK Research Highlights, January 17, 2025

Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center — Fri, 17 Jan 2025 09:50:18 EST

New research from Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSK) provides a clearer understanding of glioblastoma heterogeneity to aid development of new therapies; sheds light on mechanisms of cellular plasticity; presents a new imaging technique that could improve the diagnosis of brain diseases by revealing how different parts of the brain are metabolizing nutrients; describes a new method to aid the study of rare but influential cell populations; and identifies a potential treatment for malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors.

Metastable Marvel: X-Rays Illuminate an Exotic Material Transformation

Argonne National Laboratory — Thu, 16 Jan 2025 21:55:46 EST

A team of scientists investigate an exotic, light-induced phase transformation within a material using advanced X-ray and laser capabilities.

AI-driven Approach Reads Heart Cells' Inner Electrical Signals from the Outside

University of California San Diego — Thu, 16 Jan 2025 21:40:24 EST

Researchers have developed a noninvasive method to monitor the electrical activity inside heart muscle cells from the outside, avoiding the need to physically penetrate the cells. The method relies on recording electrical signals from outside the cells and using AI to reconstruct the signals within the cells with impressive accuracy.

Pacific Islander Teens Assert Identity Through Language

University of Utah — Thu, 16 Jan 2025 19:30:25 EST

A first-of-its-kind study found subtle, but distinct vowel pronunciations in Pacific Islanders attending more diverse schools in Utah compared to students in a predominately white high school, confirming the theory that groups to differentiate along ethnic lines where more groups share the same social space.

'Brand New Physics' for Next Generation Spintronics

University of Utah — Thu, 16 Jan 2025 19:25:07 EST

Pioneering researchers of self-generated spin torques have discovered a new one, anomalous Hall torque, that completes a triad of torques likely present in all conductive spintronic materials. Dubbed the Universal Hall Torques, the triad have unique spin behavior favorable to cutting-edge technologies, like human brain-inspired computing that processes massive amounts of data with much greater efficiency.

Tracking Metabolic Origins of Cancer From a Mosaic of Cells

Yale School of Medicine — Thu, 16 Jan 2025 16:30:40 EST

In a new study, Yale researchers tracked the initial metabolic response to a pair of cancer mutations that are typically tolerated in skin.

'Smooth Brain' Disorders May Share a Common Cause -- and Potential Treatment

Yale School of Medicine — Thu, 16 Jan 2025 16:00:16 EST

Yale researchers may have found a treatment target for a spectrum of genetic disorders that lead to brain malformations, seizures, and intellectual disability.

Fine-Tuned Brain-Computer Interface Makes Prosthetic Limbs Feel More Real

University of Chicago Medical Center — Thu, 16 Jan 2025 14:00:00 EST

Two new papers document progress in neuroprosthetic technology that lets people feel the shape and movement of objects moving over the "skin" of a bionic hand.

Drug in Clinical Trials for Breast Cancer Could Also Treat Some Blood Cancers

Washington University in St. Louis — Thu, 16 Jan 2025 05:00:00 EST

Two new studies led by researchers at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis have identified a possible way to block the progression of several forms of blood cancer using a drug already in clinical trials against breast cancer.

The Proteins That Make Cell-to-Cell Cargo Transport Possible

Ohio State University — Wed, 15 Jan 2025 20:40:59 EST

Scientists have revealed the secret to the structural integrity of tiny particles that transport cargo from cell to cell through blood vessels and bodily fluids: special proteins that keep their membranes intact as they negotiate shifting electrical impulses in different biological environments.

Diversified Cropping Systems Boost Nitrogen Supply but Not Soil Carbon, Study Finds

Iowa State University — Wed, 15 Jan 2025 20:10:22 EST

Longer, more diverse rotations of crops fertilized with livestock manure have many environmental benefits, but carbon sequestration isn't one of them, according to a new study led by Iowa State University researchers.

Octopus Arms Have Segmented Nervous Systems to Power Extraordinary Movements

University of Chicago Medical Center — Wed, 15 Jan 2025 18:20:10 EST

The large nerve cord running down each octopus arm is separated into segments, giving it precise control over movements and creating a spatial map of its suckers.

Scientists Identify New Epigenetic Approach to Target Colorectal Cancer

Johns Hopkins Medicine — Wed, 15 Jan 2025 17:30:50 EST

A little-known mouse protein disrupts cancer-causing chemical changes to genes associated with human colorectal cancer cells and potentially could be used to treat solid tumors, according to a new study from researchers at the Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center and the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

New Study Finds That Critical Ocean Current Has Not Declined in the Last 60 Years

Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution — Wed, 15 Jan 2025 08:00:45 EST

In a new paper published in Nature Communications, scientists found that the AMOC has not declined in the last 60 years.

AI Tool Analyzes 30k Data Points Per Medical Imaging Pixel in Cancer Search

Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania — Wed, 15 Jan 2025 05:00:00 EST

A new AI tool can search through data and histology images for exponentially more precise information on cancer treatment effectiveness than what can be gleaned from CT or MRI scans

UC Irvine, Columbia University Researchers Invent Soft, Bioelectronic Sensor Implant

University of California, Irvine — Tue, 14 Jan 2025 20:00:13 EST

Researchers at the University of California, Irvine and New York's Columbia University have embedded transistors in a soft, conformable material to create a biocompatible sensor implant that monitors neurological functions through successive phases of a patient's development.

الباحثون ينهون حالة الغموض بشأن اختبار BRCA2، ما يحسّن تقييم مخاطر السرطان والعناية بالمرضى

Mayo Clinic — Tue, 14 Jan 2025 17:00:01 EST

ساهمت نتائج جديدة لدراسة دولية قادها باحثون من مركز مايو كلينك الشامل للسرطان في تطوير فهم التحولات الجينية في جين BRCA2 وهو مؤثر رئيسي في خطر التعرض الوراثي للإصابة بالسرطان. وقد أكمل الباحثون تقييمًا وظيفيًا شاملًا لجميع التغيرات المحتملة ضمن النطاق المرتبط بالحمض النووي لجين BRCA2، وهو ما نتج عنه التصنيف السريري لما بلغت نسبته 91% من المتغيرات ذات الأهمية غير المؤكدة في هذا الجزء من الجين. وتُحسِّن هذه النتائج بدرجة كبير دقة الاختبارات الجينية وستتيح لمقدمي الرعاية الصحية تقديم تقييمات أكثر دقة للمخاطر وخطط علاجية فردية مخصصة للأشخاص الذين يحملون هذه المتغيرات.

New Discovery by Case Western Reserve University Researchers Offers Hope in Treating Breast Cancer

Case Western Reserve University — Tue, 14 Jan 2025 16:50:32 EST

Researchers at Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine have discovered how specific protein regions contribute to breast cancer.

Researchers at Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland Clinic Cole Eye Institute Collaborate with U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs to Identify Genetic Risks for Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Case Western Reserve University — Tue, 14 Jan 2025 16:50:21 EST

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD), which affects about 200 million people worldwide and can result in legal blindness, impairs an area of the eye (retina) used for reading, driving and many other critical daily tasks. A new study of large existing patient datasets indicates genetic and demographic factors that increase the risk for developing AMD. In the study, recently published in Nature Genetics, a team of scientists worked with the Million Veteran Program (MVP) of the VA Office of Research and Development, a large biobank of veterans recruited at more than 60 U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) medical centers nationally, to examine demographic, lifestyle, clinical and genetic risk profiles for AMD.

Unveiling the Secrets of Bone Strength: The Role of Biglycan and Decorin

Chinese Academy of Sciences — Fri, 10 Jan 2025 10:25:20 EST

A recent study has uncovered the essential roles of two proteoglycans, biglycan and decorin, in maintaining bone mass, water retention, and bulk/in situ mechanical competence. Through the use of genetically modified mouse models, the research demonstrates that while biglycan plays a predominant role in preserving bone structure and toughness, decorin significantly contributes to the bone's mechanical properties.

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